Key words: special educational institution, tendency, school, girls, politics, reform
Summary
The formation of educational institutions for girls in Azerbaijan in the 19th century created a new stage in the history of national enlightenment and laid the foundation for the integration of women into society. As a result of state policy, initiatives of enlightened intellectuals and charitable activities, the process of involving girls in education took on a systematic character. With the opening of girls’ schools, a transition from religious to secular education took place, as a result of which the literacy level of women increased and their social roles expanded. The study shows that these schools functioned not only as educational institutions, but also as important social institutions that changed social relations. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the complex explanation of the mechanisms of the emergence of girls’ education and the fact-based formal analysis of the socio-cultural impacts of the process. The assessment of historical materials allows us to trace the development of women’s enlightenment and determine its importance in the modern era. The analysis conducted serves as a supporting source for future scientific research on women’s education at both the theoretical and applied levels. Thus, the establishment of girls’ schools in the 19th century is considered an important historical fact, a turning point in the modernization of Azerbaijani society.
